Adherencia al tratamiento y efectos secundarios en niños de 6 a 36 meses con anemia por deficiencia de hierro, Centro Poblado Villa Rotary Nueva Esperanza
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Establecer si existe relación entre la adherencia al tratamiento y los efectos secundarios
que se presentan en niños de 6 a 36 meses con anemia por deficiencia de hierro, en el Centro
poblado Villa Rotary Nueva Esperanza 2024.
Metodología: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, correlacional, con una
muestra de 69 madres con niños de 6 a 36 meses, se aplicó el cuestionario validado. Resultados:
El 29,0% presenta efectos secundarios al sulfato ferroso y 47,8% al hierro polimaltosado. La
mayoría presento estreñimiento, seguido del mal sabor de boca, Náuseas y manchas en los dientes.
Existe una relación significativa entre ambas variables (p < 0,05). Los factores sociales,
relacionados con la adherencia al tratamiento son: El conocimiento sobre la anemia, conocimiento
de la cura de anemia con alimentos ricos en hierro, parasitosis intestinal, consumo de carne y
sangrecita (p < 0,05) Los factores culturales relacionados con la adherencia al tratamiento son:
estado civil, lugar de procedencia, ocupación, ingreso familiar promedio, vivienda, dificultad y
facilidades de citas (p < 0,05). Se concluye que solo el 30,4% de los niños de 6 a 36 meses con
anemia por deficiencia de hierro presentan adherencia al tratamiento.
To establish if there is a relationship between adherence to treatment and the side effects that occur in children from 6 to 36 months with iron deficiency anemia, in the Villa Rotary Nueva Esperanza 2024 population center. Methodology: Study with a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational approach, with a sample of 69 mothers with children from 6 to 36 months, the validated questionnaire was applied. Results: 29.0% presented side effects to ferrous sulfate and 47.8% to polymaltose iron. The majority presented with constipation, followed by a bad taste in the mouth, nausea and stains on the teeth. There is a significant relationship between both variables (p < 0.05). The social factors related to adherence to treatment are: Knowledge about anemia, knowledge of the cure for anemia with foods rich in iron, intestinal parasites, consumption of meat and blood (p < 0.05) Cultural factors related to adherence to treatment are: marital status, place of origin, occupation, average family income, housing, difficulty and ease of appointments (p < 0.05). It is concluded that only 30.4% of children aged 6 to 36 months with iron deficiency anemia show adherence to treatment.
To establish if there is a relationship between adherence to treatment and the side effects that occur in children from 6 to 36 months with iron deficiency anemia, in the Villa Rotary Nueva Esperanza 2024 population center. Methodology: Study with a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational approach, with a sample of 69 mothers with children from 6 to 36 months, the validated questionnaire was applied. Results: 29.0% presented side effects to ferrous sulfate and 47.8% to polymaltose iron. The majority presented with constipation, followed by a bad taste in the mouth, nausea and stains on the teeth. There is a significant relationship between both variables (p < 0.05). The social factors related to adherence to treatment are: Knowledge about anemia, knowledge of the cure for anemia with foods rich in iron, intestinal parasites, consumption of meat and blood (p < 0.05) Cultural factors related to adherence to treatment are: marital status, place of origin, occupation, average family income, housing, difficulty and ease of appointments (p < 0.05). It is concluded that only 30.4% of children aged 6 to 36 months with iron deficiency anemia show adherence to treatment.
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Palabras clave
Anemia, Efectos secundarios, Factores sociales, Side effects