Retraso de las apendicectomías y sus complicaciones en el hospital Félix Torrealva Gutiérrez de Ica - Perú en el 2024
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el tiempo de retraso de la apendicectomía y el desarrollo de
complicaciones quirúrgicas postoperatorias en pacientes adultos intervenidos quirúrgicamente en
el Hospital Félix Torrealva Gutiérrez de Ica durante el año 2024.
Metodología. Estudio cuyos datos se obtuvieron del análisis de las historias clínicas se desarrolló
bajo un diseño metodológico de tipo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo y analítico de
cohortes, comparando pacientes intervenidos antes de las 12 horas desde su admisión hospitalaria
(cohorte sin exposición) y aquellos operados en un tiempo igual o mayor a 12 horas (cohorte con
exposición) con una muestra de 174 pacientes con 87 pacientes en cada cohorte. La data fue
procesada con el programa estadístico SPSS v29.
Resultados. se observó que el grupo con retraso quirúrgico (≥12 h) presentó una mayor incidencia
de complicaciones quirúrgicas postoperatorias (19.54%) en comparación con el grupo sin retraso
(<12 h), cuya incidencia fue de 11.49%. Aunque esta diferencia no alcanzó significancia
estadística (p = 0.143), el cálculo del riesgo relativo (RR = 1.70) indicó una tendencia clínica que
sugiere mayor riesgo de complicaciones en pacientes con intervención tardía. Asimismo, se
encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el tiempo de evolución clínica, tiempo
diagnóstico, tiempo quirúrgico y estancia hospitalaria, todos ellos mayores en el grupo con
retraso.
Conclusiones: se determinó que, aunque no se halló una asociación estadísticamente significativa
entre el tiempo de retraso y las complicaciones postoperatorias, sí se evidenció una tendencia al
aumento del riesgo clínico, lo cual resulta relevante para la toma de decisiones médicas y la
gestión quirúrgica oportuna. Además, el retraso se asoció significativamente con tiempos
prolongados en distintas etapas del proceso asistencial
Objective: To analyze the relationship between the delay time of appendectomy and the development of postoperative surgical complications in adult patients surgically intervened at the Félix Torrealva Gutiérrez Hospital in Ica during the year 2024. Methodology: The study was conducted under an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical methodological design. A cohort design was used, comparing patients who were intervened within 12 hours of their hospital admission (non-exposed cohort) and those operated on 12 hours or more after admission (exposed cohort).with a sample of 174 patients with 87 patients in each cohort. The data was processed with the SPSS v29 statistical program. Results: It was observed that the group with surgical delay (≥12 h) presented a higher incidence of postoperative surgical complications (19.54%) compared to the group without delay (<12 h), whose incidence was 11.49%. Although this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.143), the calculation of the relative risk (RR = 1.70) indicated a clinical trend suggesting a higher risk of complications in patients with delayed intervention. Likewise, statistically significant differences were found in clinical evolution time, diagnostic time, surgical time and hospital stay, all of which were higher in the delayed group. Conclusions: Although no statistically significant association was found between delay time and postoperative complications, there was a tendency to increase clinical risk, which is relevant for medical decision making and timely surgical management. In addition, delay was significantly associated with prolonged times in different stages of the care process.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between the delay time of appendectomy and the development of postoperative surgical complications in adult patients surgically intervened at the Félix Torrealva Gutiérrez Hospital in Ica during the year 2024. Methodology: The study was conducted under an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical methodological design. A cohort design was used, comparing patients who were intervened within 12 hours of their hospital admission (non-exposed cohort) and those operated on 12 hours or more after admission (exposed cohort).with a sample of 174 patients with 87 patients in each cohort. The data was processed with the SPSS v29 statistical program. Results: It was observed that the group with surgical delay (≥12 h) presented a higher incidence of postoperative surgical complications (19.54%) compared to the group without delay (<12 h), whose incidence was 11.49%. Although this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.143), the calculation of the relative risk (RR = 1.70) indicated a clinical trend suggesting a higher risk of complications in patients with delayed intervention. Likewise, statistically significant differences were found in clinical evolution time, diagnostic time, surgical time and hospital stay, all of which were higher in the delayed group. Conclusions: Although no statistically significant association was found between delay time and postoperative complications, there was a tendency to increase clinical risk, which is relevant for medical decision making and timely surgical management. In addition, delay was significantly associated with prolonged times in different stages of the care process.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Apendicectomía, Retraso quirúrgico, Complicaciones postoperatorias, Appendectomy